“King Menes” is the founder of the 1st dynasty in the history of ancient Egypt and the last king of the predynastic period (6000–3150 BCE). In 3150 B.C., he was able to unify both upper and lower Egypt as shown on the legendary Narmer Palette. His name means “The One Who Endures,” and his reign lasted for 62 years. He married a princess to consolidate his power, Princess Neithhotep of Naqada. Many believe he inherited the throne from the god of victory and protection, Horus. Egypt During the Era of King Menes
King Menes (Narmer)
Before that period,, Egypt was divided into two kingdoms; Upper Egypt in the south and Lower Egypt in the north, There was a crowned king for each part and a series of wars between them, until “King Menes,” the king of lower Egypt,, put an end to that and defeated the king of upper Egypt, crowned himself as a king of the two lands, both upper and lower Egypt and created the first centralized monarchy. After the unification of both lands, “King Narmer” changed the capital of Egypt to be in Abydos. He sends many military expeditions
King Menes
all across Egypt and neighboring countries such as Cannan and Nubia. He built new cities like the city of Memphis, and a new wave of urbanization spread through ancient Egypt. A great deal of attention was put into developing the art of writing. He is noted for developing the notion of luxury, as the Egyptians created many lavish hobbies to fill their time after uniting the land, such as sports, brewing beer, carving, sculpting, cultivating gardens, and various others.
What is Narmer Palettes?
“King Menes” commemorated the victory of upper Egypt over lower Egypt in his famous pallet called Narmer Palette, which is made out of shiest and discovered from Hyracnopolice {El Kom El Ahmar } about 22 Km East of Cairo. This palette has been transferred to the Egyptian Museum in Cairo then moved to the Grand Egyptian Museum so start your trip to Egypt by visiting the museum and watching the palette.
What does King Narmer’s Palette consist of?
Narmer Palette consists of two sides called recto and verso, On both sides, we can see the name of King Narmer is written in a small square as “Ne3Rmer.” the name is protected from both sides by the famous face of the Cow Hathor The deity of love, harmony, and motherhood. On “The Verso” side of the palette, Narmer is Menes wearing the red wicker war crown of upper Egypt,
which indicates that all of Egypt has fallen under his control. The largest engravings on the palette are two men interweaving serpentine necks of unknown beasts called serpopards. At the bottom of the palette, is king is shown as a bull breaking through the walls of the city with horns and trampling his enemies
King Menes
beneath his hooves. There is also a priest wearing leopard skin following four divine standards. On the other side of the palette, “The Recto” is one complete cohesive of Narmer with his army gathering about to strike down an enemy captured by the hair, and beneath his top feet are two men either dead or attempting to escape his wrath, plus behind the king,
there a bald servant holding his sandals while in front of him the sky god Horus watching and blessing king Narmer’s victory by bringing many enemy prisoners. Both sides of the palette are decorated with animal heads at the very top with cows and bulls that are associated with the goddess Hathor of celebration and joy which showed as a cow or a woman with a cow’s ears and the bulla symbolizes the king’s strength and vitality.
achievements of King Menes
When Egypt unified, king Narmer instituted religious practices and formalized beliefs, his reign was so prosperous he ruled for about 26 years. “King Narmer” cared so much about hobbies and develop them like carving, sculpting, and sports. It’s important to mention that Egypt flourished a lot under his reign. two joined champers built out of mud bricks. The tomb holds two necropolis seals that prove his identity as the ruler of the first dynasty.
